GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Paper Code: 
BCA 503B
Credits: 
04
Periods/week: 
04
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To make students familiar with the basic concepts of Geographical Information Systems.

 

12.00
Unit I: 

Basics of Geography. We can include following concept as a part of the syllabus.
Concept of Latitude and Longitude, Time Zone, Concept of  Scale and resolution, Types of Scale (like  RF and Statement Method, Small and Large Scale, nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio),  Map and its types ( topographic and Thematic),  Projection: Types (Cylindrical, Azimuthal and Conical) and its application.

Basic concepts about spatial information, Definition, Historical evolution and need for spatially based resource information system, objectives of GIS - Manual v/s automated GIS.

Data input: data pre-processing, methods of data capture, digitization and scanning methods, commonly used map projections and ellipsoids.

 

12.00
Unit II: 

Spatial Data: Introduction, Maps and their influence on the character of spatial data, spatial entities, spatial referencing, thematic characteristics of spatial data, other sources of spatial data (Census and survey data, Aerial photographs, Satellite images).

Geographical Information Systems: Introduction, Definition, Components of a GIS- computer systems, software, spatial data, data management and analysis procedures.

 

12.00
Unit III: 

Data structure types of data structure, Raster and Vector formats, advantages and disadvantages of various data structures and data formats.

The format of GIS - Handling digital Geographical Information Data - Analysis of single data planes in Raster format - Analysis of Multiple data planes in Raster format - Uses of topographic data in Raster format - Data structures for thematic maps. Digital Elevation Model (DEM): need, methods, data sources and products of DEM - Digital Terrain Modeling (DTM).

 

12.00
Unit IV: 

Attribute data management: Introduction, Database approach, DBMS, Database data models, Creating a database (Linking spatial and attribute data), GIS database application, Further Developments in databases. Modeling physical and environmental processes, Modelling human processes, modeling the decision-making process, Problems with using GIS to model spatial processes.

 

12.00
Unit V: 

Introduction to Output: from new maps to enhanced decisions, Maps as output, Non-cartographic output, spatial multimedia, GIS and spatial decision support.

Data Quality Issues: Describing data quality and errors, sources of error in GIS, finding and modeling errors in GIS, managing GIS error.

 

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  1. Heywood, S.Cornelius, S.Carver, “An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems”, Prentice Hall of India.

 

REFERENCES: 
  1. Michael DeMers, “Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems”, Second Edition, 2000 John Wiley and Sons.
  2. Clarke, K.C., “Getting Started With Geographic Information Systems”, 4th ed. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2003. 
  3. David L. Verbyla and Kang-tsung (Karl) Chang, “Processing Digital Images in GIS”, Onword Press, 1997.
  4. P A Burrough & R A McDonnell, “Principles of Geographic Information Systems”, OUP, 1998

 

Academic Year: 
2014-15
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