HISTORY OF ANIMATION

Paper Code: 
BMA 112
Credits: 
03
Periods/week: 
03
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will provide an overview of the history of animation. Students will study about early attempts in animation made by people around the world alongwith the latest processes being used in it.

9.00

Origin of Animation, Precursors to Animation, Paleolithic Cave Paintings, Early Animation Devices: The Persistence of Vision, The magic lantern (1650), Thaumatrope (1824), Phenakistoscope (1831), Zoetrope (1834), Flip book (1868), Praxinoscope (1877).

9.00

Pioneers of Animation: Émile Cohl (1857 – 1938), Winsor McCay (1869-1964), , Eadweard J. Muybridge 1893, J. Stuart Blackton (1900), Georges Méliès (1902),  Quirino Cristiani (1896 – 1984), Lotte Reiniger (1899 – 1981), Ub Iwerks (1901 – 1971), Willis O’Brien (1886 – 1962), Mitsuyo Seo (1911 – 2010), Karel Zeman (1910 – 1989), Norman McLaren (1914 – 1987), Bruno Bozzetto (1938 – Now).

9.00
Unit III: 

History of Edison Motion Pictures, Film Projectors for Motion Pictures, The Lumiere Brothers, History of Film Stock, The History and Innovators of Multiplane Camera, The Silent Era: Walt Disney: history, technology and innovation, Best Animation Studios: Fleischer Studios, Warner Bros. Studio, Pixar Studio, Dreamworks Animation, Fox Studio, Looney Tunes, Reliance MediaWorks Ltd, Tata Elxsi.

9.00

Animation Techniques: Traditional animation- Full vs Limited animation, Rotoscoping, Stop motion- Cutout animation, Silhouette animation, Graphic animation, Puppet animation, Brickfilm, Model animation, Go motion, Clay animation, Object animation, Pixilation, Puppetoon, Computer animation- 2D animation and 3D animation, Other Techniques of Animation- Drawn on film animation, Paint-on-glass animation, Pinscreen animation, Sand animation.

9.00

Animation in India and its History, Clair Weeks- Pioneer of Indian Animation, Animated Film Timeline, The Debut of Mickey Mouse, The Fleischer Brothers: Inventors, Cartoon Makers, Popeye, Superman, Tom and Jerry, The First Full-Length Animated Film, Disney's Golden Age of Hollywood Animations in the 40s, Japanimation or Anime, A Boom in CGI Animation in the 90s, The Present State of Animated Films, The Ultimate 3-D.

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
1. Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, “The Illusion of Life”, Disney Publications.
2. Charles Solomon, “History of Animation”, Random House Value Publishing; Revised edition (16 October 1994).
3. Sylvain Chomet and Steven Cavalier, “The World History of Animation”, Aurum Press Ltd (1 September 2011).
4. Tony White, “Animation from Pencils to Pixels: Classical Techniques for the Digital Animator”, Focal Press.
REFERENCES: 
1. Richard Neupart, “French Animation History”, John Wiley & Sons (21 February 2014).
2. “The History of Moviemaking: Animation and Live-Action, from Silent to Sound, Black-And-White to Color (Voyages of Discovery)”, Scholastic Trade; Spi edition (1 October 1995).
Academic Year: 
2017-18
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