HISTORY OF ANIMATION

Paper Code: 
BMA 211
Credits: 
4
Periods/week: 
4
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to:

  1. Define and identify animation as a particular form of visual communication.
  2. Identify the major technological developments and aesthetic movements in the history of animated filmmaking.

 

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course Outcomes

 (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

The students will:

CO36.Explain the origin of animation and early animation devices.

CO37.Categorize and review the pioneers of animation.

CO38.Recompose old animation techniques and classify traditional vs. limited animation.

CO39.Correlate the contribution of Indian animators in world history.

CO40.Build traditional animation devices.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussions, reading assignments, Demonstrations, Group activities, Teaching using advanced audio video tools.

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Seminar presentations, Giving tasks.

 

Assessment Strategies

Class tests, Semester end examinations, Quizzes, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentations, Individual and group projects.

 

 

 

 

 

12.00

Origin of Animation, Precursors to Animation, Paleolithic Cave Paintings, Early Animation Devices: The Persistence of Vision, The magic lantern (1650), Thaumatrope (1824), Phenakistoscope (1831), Zoetrope (1834), Flip book (1868), Praxinoscope (1877).

 

 

12.00

Pioneers of Animation: ÉmileCohl (1857 – 1938), Winsor McCay (1869-1964), , Eadweard J. Muybridge 1893, J. Stuart Blackton (1900), Georges Méliès (1902),  QuirinoCristiani (1896 – 1984), LotteReiniger (1899 – 1981), UbIwerks (1901 – 1971), Willis O’Brien (1886 – 1962), Mitsuyo Seo (1911 – 2010), KarelZeman (1910 – 1989), Norman McLaren (1914 – 1987), Bruno Bozzetto (1938 – Now).

 

12.00

History of Edison Motion Pictures, Film Projectors for Motion Pictures, The Lumiere Brothers, History of Film Stock, The History and Innovators of Multiplane Camera, The Silent Era: Walt Disney: history, technology and innovation, Best Animation Studios: Fleischer Studios, Warner Bros. Studio, Pixar Studio, Dreamworks Animation, Fox Studio, Looney Tunes, Reliance MediaWorks Ltd, Tata Elxsi.

 

12.00

Animation Techniques: Traditional animation- Full vs Limited animation, Rotoscoping, Stop motion- Cutout animation, Silhouette animation, Graphic animation, Puppet animation, Brickfilm, Model animation, Go motion, Clay animation, Object animation, Pixilation, Puppetoon, Computer animation- 2D animation and 3D animation, Other Techniques of Animation- Drawn on film animation, Paint-on-glass animation, Pinscreen animation, Sand animation.

 

12.00

Animation in India and its History, Clair Weeks- Pioneer of Indian Animation, Animated Film Timeline, The Debut of Mickey Mouse, The Fleischer Brothers: Inventors, Cartoon Makers, Popeye, Superman, Tom and Jerry, The First Full-Length Animated Film, Disney's Golden Age of Hollywood Animations in the 40s, Japanimation or Anime, A Boom in CGI Animation in the 90s, The Present State of Animated Films, The Ultimate 3-D.

 

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  • Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, “The Illusion of Life”, Disney Publications.
  • Charles Solomon, “History of Animation”, Random House Value Publishing; Revised edition, 1994.
  • Sylvain Chomet and Steven Cavalier, “The World History of Animation”, Aurum Press Ltd,  2011.
  • Tony White, “Animation from Pencils to Pixels: Classical Techniques for the Digital Animator”, Focal Press.

 

REFERENCES: 

SUGGESTED REFERENCE BOOKS:

  • Richard Neupart, “French Animation History”, John Wiley & Sons, 2014.
  • “The History of Moviemaking: Animation and Live-Action, from Silent to Sound, Black-And-White to Color (Voyages of Discovery)”, Scholastic Inc. , 1995.

E-RESOURCES:

 

REFERENCE JOURNALS:

 

 

 

Academic Year: 
2023-24
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