INTERNET & TCP/IP

Network Layer (Logical Addressing): IP v4 – Address Space, Notations, Classful addressing, classless addressing and NAT, IP v6 – Structure and Address space.

Network Layer (Internet Protocol) : Internetworking- Need for Network layer, Internet as a Datagram Netrwork,  IPv4 – Datagram, Fragmentation, Checksum, Options, IPv6 – Advantages, Packet Format, Extension Headers, Transition from IPv4 to IPv6 – Dual Stack, Tunneling and Header Translation.

Network Layer: Address Mapping, Error Reporting and Multicasting- ICMP, IGMPand ICMPv6.

Network Layer: Direct and Indirect Delivery, Forwarding Process and Techniques, Routing Table, Unicast Routing Protocols – Optimization, Intra and Inter domain Routing, Distance vector routing, Link state routing, Path vector routing. 

Process to process delivery- Client server paradigm, Multiplexing and Demultiplexing, connectionless versus connection oriented services, reliable versus unreliable, User Datagram Protocol- Ports , User Datagram, Checksum, UDP operation and its use, TCP- services, features and segment, TCP connection, Flow control, Error control and congestion control.

Domain Name System: Name Space (Flat and Hierarchical), Domain Name Space- Label, Domain name and Domain, Distribution of the Name Space: Hierarchy of  Name Servers, Zone, Root Server and Primary and Secondary servers, DNS in the Internet – Generic, Country and Inverse Domains, Resolution- Resolver, Mapping Names to Adresses, Mapping Address to names, Recursive Resolution, Iterative Resolution and Caching, DNS messages( Header), Types of records (Question and Resource), Registrar, Dynamic DNS and Encapsulation.

Remote Logging: Telnet, Electronic mail: Archtecture, User Agent, SMTP, POP, IMAP and Web based mail, File Transfer Protocol and Anonymous FTP.

WWW and HTTP: Architecture-Client browser, server, URL and cookies, Web documents- Static , Dynamic and Active , HTTP- HTTP Transaction, Persistent and non-persistent connection and proxy server.