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PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS
This module is designed to incorporate strong foundation of logic building & concept of programming in a student.
Computer languages: Analogy with Natural Languages, Machine Language, Advantages and Limitations of Machine Language, Assembly Language, Assembler, Advantages of Assembly Language over Machine Language, Limitations of Assembly Language, High-Level Language, Compiler, Interpreter, Advantages and Limitations of High-Level Languages, Object-Oriented Programming Languages, Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?, Fundamental Concepts of OOP, Procedure-oriented versus Object-oriented Programming, Advantages of OOP, Evolution of OOP Languages, Characteristics of a Good Programming Language, Selecting a Language for Coding an Application, Subprogram, Preprocessor, Scripting Languages, Fourth-Generation Languages(4GLs), 5 GLs.
Planning the computer program: Purpose of Program Planning; Algorithm, Algorithms, Quality of Algorithms, Representation of Algorithms. Flowcharts Symbols, Level of Flowcharts, Flowcharting Rules, Advantages and Limitations of Flowcharts, Flowchart based on simple computations, iterations, series problems. Execution Trace.
Pseudo code, Pseudo code for Basic Logic (Control) Structures, Advantage and Limitations of Pseudo code.
System implementation and operation: Testing and Debugging, Definition of Testing and Debugging, Types of Program Errors, Testing a Program, Debugging a Program for Syntax Errors, Debugging a Program for Logic Errors, Difference between Testing and Debugging, Documentation, What is Documentation?, Need for Documentation, Forms of Documentation.
C Programming Language, history of C, The C standard library, Structured Programming, C program Development Environment.
Introduction to ‘C’ programming: Introduction, A Simple C program, Memory Concepts.
C Formatted Input/Output: Streams, formatting output with printf, Printing: Integers, Floating point numbers, Strings, Characters. Field Widths and Precisions, Flags in print format control string, Escape sequences, formatted input with scanf.
Data types, Operators & Expressions, type casting, Control structures, if selection structure, if/else selection structure.
Structured Program Development in C: Essentials of repetition, while repetition structure, Counter Controlled Repetition, Sentinel Controlled Repetition, Nested control structures, for repetition structure, for structure, switch Multiple selection structure, do/while repetition structure, the break and continue statements.
- P.K. Sinha, Preeti Sinha, “Foundations of Computing”, BPB Publications, 2003.
- Raj K. Jain, “Insight into Flowcharting”, S.Chand Publications, 2000.
- Yashwant Kanetkar, “Working with C”, BPB Publications.
- B.Kernighan & D.Ritchie “C Programming Language”, 2nd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1988.
- E. Balagurusami, “Programming in ‘ANSI C’”, TMH Publications.
- H.M.Deitel & P.J.Deitel, “How to program in ‘C’”, 5rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2005.
- S. Lipschutz, “C Programming”, Schaum’s outline series, Tata McGraw Hill Edition.
